Distillation

Plants placed in container, steam pumped through, usually from the side. Water from steam sinks to bottom, essential oils float on top. The oils are then skimmed off.

Lavender

Rosemary

Clary sage

Cold Pressing

Sharp object pierce pockets containing oil. Entire fruit is pressed. Oil rises to top and centrifugally extracted.

Orange

Lemon

Enfleurage

Delicate flower petals placed on layer of odorless fat which absorbs the oils. Alcohol separates oil from fat and then evaporates

Jasmine

Tuberose

Turbodistillation

Plants soak in water while steam enters chamber from the top. Water continuously recycled.

Barks

Roots

Seeds

Hydrodiffusion

Steam at atmospheric pressure circulated through plants from top. More evenly saturated and purer smelling oils.

Leaves

Seeds

Flowers

Wood

Carbon Dioxide

Distraction

High pressure carbon dioxide injected through plants turning it into liquid, extracting the oils. Temperature cooled leaving no residue.

Cardamom

Basil

Ginger